Surgical Ventricular Restoration for Ischemic Heart Failure: A Glance at a Real-World Population

Surgical ventricular restoration (SVR) has repeatedly been suggested as a viable therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart failure (HF) patients, although the survival benefit is still debated. We investigated a real-world population treated with SVR in a single center with high case volumes. From July 2001 to June 2017, 648 patients (111 females) underwent SVR; coronary surgery was performed in 582 patients. Data were analyzed by dividing the population into two groups: Group I (371 patients operated between July 2001 and December 2007) and Group II (277 patients operated between January 2008 and June 2017). At baseline, Group I patients were more symptomatic for angina (47.4% versus 19.4%, p < 0.0001) and less symptomatic for HF (NYHA class III/IV, 46.3% versus 57%, p = 0.0071). The end-diastolic volume (106 mL/m2 versus 118.3 mL/m2, p < 0.0001) and the end-systolic volume (70.5 mL/m2 versus 81.5 mL/m2, p < 0.0001) were lower in Group I. The presence of 3-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) was higher in Group I (73.3% versus 59.2%, p < 0.0001). Thirty-day mortality (6.64%) was similar in the two groups (p = 0.4475). The Kaplan−Meier estimate for all-cause mortality for the entire population was 13% at 2 years, 19.2% at 4 years and 36.6% at 8 years, and the probability was not different between groups (Log-rank = 0.11). In a real-world ischemic HF population, SVR may be carried out with favorable results; in patients with worse LV remodeling and less extensive CAD, SVR showed a trend toward a better outcome.