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Fluid antenna system (FAS) represents all forms of movable and non-movable position-flexible antenna system, and opens up the possibility of a new form of modulation schemes. In this paper, we investigate the design of position index modulation (PIM) for FAS for decreasing the bit error rate (BER) while taking advantage of the rate gain in index modulation. We further derive the BER and data rate expressions to assess the achievable performance of PIM. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the performance and some insights are drawn into the impact of both channel estimation accuracy and transmission power.
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Yang et al. (2024) studied this question.
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