Key result
Combined green tea and coffee extracts improve cardiac insulin resistance vs single extracts in rats.
Why the study?
Insulin resistance is independently linked to cardiac disease, and free fatty acids induce cardiac insulin resistance via low-grade inflammation, suggesting that improving free fatty acid levels could ameliorate cardiac insulin resistance.
Does the combination of green tea and decaffeinated-light roasted green coffee extract improve cardiac insulin resistance in a metabolic syndrome rat model?
Does the combination of green tea and decaffeinated-light roasted green coffee extract improve cardiac insulin resistance in a metabolic syndrome rat model?
p-value: p=<0.001
The combination of green tea and decaffeinated-light roasted green coffee extract synergistically improves cardiac insulin resistance in a metabolic syndrome rat model by modulating free fatty acids and adiponectin/FAS pathways.
Supports hypothesis of synergistic benefits in rats; leaves open translation to humans with metabolic syndrome.
<ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Background</ns4:bold> : Insulin resistance has been independently associated with cardiac diseases. Free fatty acids are recently known to induce cardiac insulin resistance due to low-grade inflammation. Therefore, the improvement of free fatty acid levels can also improve cardiac insulin resistance. This study investigated the combination of green tea and decaffeinated-light roasted green coffee extract in the improvement of free fatty acid-induced cardiac insulin resistance by improving the adiponectin/FAS pathways. </ns4:p> <ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Methods:</ns4:bold> This study used 25 males Sprague-Dawley rats induced by a high-fat high sucrose diet and injection of low dose streptozotocin to make a metabolic syndrome (MS) rat model and standard chow as healthy control rats. The MS rats were treated with green tea (200 mg/ b. w.), decaffeinated-light roasted green coffee (300 mg/ b. w.), and the combination of both extracts in 9 weeks. Experimental groups in this study were divided into 5 groups: 1) MS (HFHS diet + STZ) group, 2) NC (normal chow) group, 3) GT (green tea extract) group, 4) GC (decaffeinated-light roasted green coffee extract), 5) CM (combination of both extracts) group. Adiponectin and HOMA-IR level was analysed using ELISA, and the gene expression of <ns4:italic>Adipo-R1, FAS, PI3K, PDK1, Akt, GLUT4</ns4:italic> was measured by RT-PCR. </ns4:p> <ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Results:</ns4:bold> The combination of green tea and decaffeinated-light roasted green coffee showed synergistic effects in improving FFA levels. The adiponectin/FAS pathways was attenuated in the CM group. Moreover, the combination also showed improvement in cardiac insulin resistance markers such as IRS1/2, PI3K, PDK1, Akt, and GLUT4. </ns4:p> <ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Conclusions</ns4:bold> : The combination of green tea and decaffeinated-light roasted green coffee extract improved cardiac insulin resistance better than green tea and green coffee extract administration alone by reducing free fatty acids levels through adiponectin/FAS pathways modulation. </ns4:p>
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Lukitasari et al. (2023) studied Metabolic syndrome (n=25). Combination of green tea and decaffeinated light roasted green coffee extract vs. Metabolic syndrome control (HFHS diet + STZ) and single extracts was evaluated on Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p=<0.001). The combination of green tea and decaffeinated-light roasted green coffee extract significantly improved cardiac insulin resistance and reduced free fatty acid levels compared to single extract administration in a metabolic syndrome rat model.
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