Virtual Laboratory in the Role of Dynamic Visualisation for Better Understanding of Chemistry in Primary School

Background:Understanding chemistry includes the ability to think on three levels: the macroscopic level, the symbolic level, and the level of particles – sub-microscopic level. Pupils have the most difficulty when trying to understand the sub-microscopic level because it is outside their range of experience. This study presents the effective usage of a virtual laboratory that can overcome the gap between the previously-mentioned conceptual levels.Materials and methods:We carried out a didactic experiment to test the effectiveness of a virtual laboratory that enables dynamic visualisation. The experiment involved seventh-grade pupils (N = 109) from five different primary schools in Slovenia. We asked ourselves the question as to whether the learning outcomes of pupils are better when they use a virtual laboratory rather than in science classes without a virtual laboratory where dynamic visualisation at the sub-microscopic and sub-micro levels are only explained by means of static demonstrations.Results:The results of the didactic experiment showed that, in terms of knowledge acquisition, using a virtual laboratory is better than science classes without dynamic visualisation elements.Conclusions:Virtual laboratory in the role of dynamic visualisation increase knowledge and promote effective learning of chemistry.