Key result
Review summarizes HFpEF phenotype profiling to guide therapeutic strategies and differential diagnosis.
Why the study?
HFpEF prevalence is increasing with poor prognosis, and clinical profiles show great heterogeneity prompting interest in phenotype identification for tailored management.
Phenotype profiling in HFpEF is crucial for identifying specific clinical profiles and guiding tailored therapeutic strategies beyond standard therapies.
Supports phenotype-guided HFpEF strategies; leaves open prospective validation before practice change.
The prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasing and prognosis remains poor, with a high risk of mortality or hospitalizations for worsening heart failure events. Apart from sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and diuretics, the management of HFpEF is nowadays based on the different aetiologies and cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular comorbidities. A great heterogeneity of clinical profiles has been described in HFpEF, with several recent studies focused on the identification of different HFpEF phenotypes. In this review, we summarize available evidence on phenotype profiling in HFpEF, describing the different phenotypes with the relative therapeutic implications, and reporting other specific clinical conditions relevant for HFpEF differential diagnosis.
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Bonfioli et al. (2025) conducted a review in Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Phenotype profiling was evaluated. This review summarizes available evidence on phenotype profiling in HFpEF, describing different phenotypes, therapeutic implications, and conditions relevant for differential diagnosis.
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