Deconstructing Historical Mythologems in Work With Individuals Convicted of Collaboration

The ongoing Russian-Ukrainian war, which encompasses not only military but also informational and ideological dimensions, has underscored the critical role of historical myths exploited by enemy propaganda to construct anti-Ukrainian narratives. A segment of Ukrainian citizens engaged in collaborationist activities has proven particularly susceptible to such narratives—driven not solely by political or material motivations, but also by distorted historical perceptions. The deconstruction of historical mythologems should be viewed not only as an intellectual endeavor but as an essential component of the resocialization process for those convicted of collaboration with the enemy. A consistent and structured approach to addressing historical consciousness is vital for dismantling ideological constructs that frame betrayal as “historical justice” or “the will of the ancestors.” In the context of post-war recovery and the enhancement of national security, confronting historical myths in work with collaborators is of increasing importance. This process contributes to the development of a resilient civic identity and mitigates the risk of re-engagement in anti-state activities. The objective of this study is to identify the mechanisms underlying the formation of historical mythologems, determine the factors that facilitate their internalization, and develop a practical framework for their deconstruction. This framework can then be applied in educational and corrective work with individuals convicted of collaborationist offenses. Conclusions. Deconstructing a historical myth entails eliminating its uncritical acceptance, revealing its manipulative nature, and explaining the context of its creation—by whom, why, and under what circumstances. Effective myth deconstruction is a multi-stage process that includes the reconstruction of historical complexity through evidence-based analysis, the exposure of the motivations behind myth creation, and the integration of personal experiences to foster critical reflection on both historical and contemporary realities. Documentary films, interviews, and eyewitness testimonies provide access to history “from within,” breaking the abstraction that sustains many myths. Furthermore, the application of media literacy techniques, source criticism, and comparative analysis with alternative perspectives has proven to be an effective strategy. In working with convicted individuals, it is especially important to highlight that myths anchor people in the past, obstructing their ability to envision and construct a meaningful future.