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This paper presents an integrated cyber-physical system for remote accessibility and controllability of factory equipment, e.g. CNC machines and robots. It is enabled by combining 3D models, sensor data and camera images in real-time. The aim of this research is to significantly reduce network traffic for much improved accessibility and controllability of any cyber-physical systems over the Internet. The ultimate goal is to build cloud-based services of monitoring, process planning, machining and assembly in decentralised environment. This paper covers the basis of the approach, system architecture and implementation, and a case study of remote control of a robotic assembly cell. Compared with camera-based systems, our approach consumes less than 1% of its network bandwidth, feasible and practical as a future cloud-based solution.
Wang et al. (Mon,) studied this question.