A review of the performance of zeolitic compounds catalysts for CO2 conversion into valuable hydrocarbons

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This review evaluates advanced modification strategies that enhance the performance of zeolites as catalysts for converting carbon dioxide into high-value chemicals. Results show that for CO₂-to-dimethyl ether conversion, modified H-ZSM-5 catalysts optimized through strategic metal incorporation and pore engineering have demonstrated remarkable performance. Some modifications increase the CO₂ consumption rate by up to 16 times. In the conversion of CO₂ to lower olefins, SAPO-34 is identified as the most effective catalyst; its eight-membered ring structure provides an optimal balance of acidity and pore confinement, enabling tandem catalyst systems to achieve olefin selectivity as high as 88.8 % at moderate CO₂ conversion rates of approximately 15–20 %. For producing aromatics and gasoline-range hydrocarbons, zeolites such as H-ZSM-5, BEA, and FAU are highly effective due to their larger pore sizes and high density of acid sites. In particular, H-ZSM-5 has achieved around 78 % aromatic selectivity, making it highly suitable for producing high-octane aromatics and gasoline-range hydrocarbons through tandem catalysis. Collectively, these findings provide a robust framework for the rational design of zeolite that delivers high conversion efficiency and targeted product selectivity, advancing sustainable and economically viable CO₂ utilization technologies. • Advanced modification strategies for zeolite catalysts in CO₂ conversion are comprehensively reviewed. • Incorporating metals such as Zn, Pt, and Ga significantly enhances hydrogenation activity and selectivity. • Detailed insights on pore architecture and acidity underscore their critical role in controlling product distribution. • High selectivity toward olefins and aromatics is achieved by coupling active metal sites with zeolitic acid sites. • Mechanistic analyses and performance evaluations guide the rational design of next-generation CO₂ utilization catalysts.