Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Narcotic analgetics administered directly into the spinal subarachnoid space of the rat via a chronically inserted catheter produce a potent analgesia that can be antagonized by naloxone. The narcotics, acting only at the spinal level, changed cord function to block not only spinal reflexes but also the operant response to painful stimuli.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Yaksh et al. (1976) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: