Key result
37 herbal preparations and phytochemicals show antiarrhythmic effects primarily by modulating K+ and Ca2+ channels.
Why the study?
Arrhythmia management remains challenging due to the narrow therapeutic window of antiarrhythmic drugs, necessitating the search for safe and effective alternatives.
Do plant extracts, phytochemicals, and multi-component herbal preparations reduce cardiac arrhythmias in preclinical and clinical models?
Systematic Review
Do plant extracts, phytochemicals, and multi-component herbal preparations reduce cardiac arrhythmias in preclinical and clinical models?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds show potential antiarrhythmic effects through multiple ion channel mechanisms, highlighting candidates for future antiarrhythmic drug development.
Cardiac arrhythmias, characterized by an irregular heartbeat, are associated with high mortality and morbidity. Because of the narrow therapeutic window of antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs), the management of arrhythmia is still challenging. Therefore, searching for new safe, and effective therapeutic options is unavoidable. In this study, the antiarrhythmic effects of medicinal plants and their active constituents were systematically reviewed to introduce some possible candidates for mechanism-based targeting of cardiac arrhythmias. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched from inception to June 2021 to find the plant extracts, phytochemicals, and multi-component herbal preparations with antiarrhythmic activities. From 7337 identified results, 57 original studies consisting of 49 preclinical and eight clinical studies were finally included. Three plant extracts, eight multi-component herbal preparations, and 26 phytochemicals were found to have antiarrhythmic effects mostly mediated by affecting K + channels, followed by modulating Ca 2+ channels, upstream target pathways, Na v channels, gap junction channels, and autonomic receptors. The most investigated medicinal plants were Rhodiola crenulata and Vitis vinifera. Resveratrol, Oxymatrine, and Curcumin were the most studied phytochemicals found to have multiple mechanisms of antiarrhythmic action. This review emphasized the importance of research on the cardioprotective effect of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds to guide the future development of new AADs. The most prevalent limitation of the studies was their unqualified methodology. Thus, future well-designed experimental and clinical studies are necessary to provide more reliable evidence.
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Soltani et al. (2022) conducted a systematic review in Cardiac arrhythmias. Phytochemicals and medicinal herbs was evaluated on Antiarrhythmic effects and mechanisms of action. Three plant extracts, eight multi-component herbal preparations, and 26 phytochemicals demonstrated antiarrhythmic effects, primarily mediated by affecting K+ channels and modulating Ca2+ channels.
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