Key result
Higher diastolic blood pressure linked to ~3% lower mortality in Non-Hispanic White men with diabetes.
Why the study?
To evaluate sex and racial/ethnic differences in the association between cardiovascular disease risk factors and mortality among adults with diabetes.
Cohort (n=3,503)
Yes
Effect estimate: HR 0.97 (95% CI 0.96-0.98)
p-value: p=0.042
In adults with diabetes, the association between cardiovascular risk factors and mortality varies significantly by sex and race/ethnicity, with Hispanic women demonstrating the highest survival probability.
Sex- and ethnicity-specific BP-mortality links in diabetes merit validation; leaves open causal effects and practice implications.
Objectives: To assess sex and racial/ethnic differences in the relationship between multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and mortality among a nationally representative sample of adults with diabetes. Methods: Data were analyzed from 3,503 adults with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2010 and its linked mortality data through 31 December 2011. The outcome was mortality; the independent variables were sex and race/ethnicity. Covariates included demographics, comorbidity, and lifestyle variables. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to test associations between mortality and CVD risk factors. Results: In adjusted analyses, the association between diastolic blood pressure and mortality was significantly different by sex and race/ethnicity (unadjusted p = 0.009; adjusted p = 0.042). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed Hispanic women had the highest survival compared to Hispanic men and Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Non-Hispanic White (NHW) men and women; NHW men had the lowest survival probability. Conclusion: In this nationally representative sample, stratified analyses showed women had higher survival rates compared to men within each race/ethnicity group, and Hispanic women had the highest survival compared to all other groups.
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Savage et al. (2022) conducted a cohort in Diabetes (n=3,503). Cardiovascular disease risk factors (DBP, SBP, BMI, LDL-C, HbA1c) was evaluated on All-cause mortality (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96-0.98, p=0.042). Diastolic blood pressure was significantly associated with lower mortality in Non-Hispanic White men with diabetes (HR 0.97), while Hispanic women demonstrated the highest overall survival.
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