AI in libraries: a descriptive and thematic review of applications and innovations

Purpose Artificial intelligence (AI) stands out as one of today’s most influential technologies, with the potential to revolutionize the access and management of information in library services. This paper seeks to explore the application of AI in library services, offering a systematic review of the benefits and challenges associated with the integration of AI tools. It proposes practical future trends and patterns for the use of AI tools in this domain. Design/methodology/approach This study employed a systematic literature review (SLR) following the PRISMA guidelines. Search strategies and inclusion/exclusion criteria were developed to ensure a comprehensive review. A total of 1,230 articles were retrieved, and after screening, 22 articles were included for analysis. The systematic review is limited to English-language sources and publications from 2020 to 2023, drawing on databases such as ProQuest LISA, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Inter-rater reliability was assessed at both the title/abstract and full-text screening stages, with Cohen’s kappa (? = 0.82) indicating strong agreement and consistency in the review process. Findings The study highlights substantial collaborative efforts among multiple authors, with 2023 standing out as a prolific year. Most research was published in “Library Philosophy and Practice” and employed quantitative research designs. The findings also reveal that using AI tools in library operations can significantly enhance housekeeping operations, security and surveillance efficiency. However, challenges include tackling financial constraints, addressing ethical concerns, overcoming infrastructural limitations, managing fears of job displacement, fostering partnerships between libraries and technology firms and developing regulatory frameworks to safeguard user data. Originality/value This research study empowers library and information science (LIS) professionals to enhance their technological skills and bring positive changes in effectively implementing AI tools in library services. The study also explores future trends in AI tools and practical recommendations to LIS professionals, library authorities and policymakers to drive technological advancements in library services.