Nitrate in the Sea.

A method of estimating nitrates in sea-water is described. 2. A considerable concentration of nitrates occurs in the depths of the ocean and a very low concentration (0 to 10 parts per 1000 million of nitrate-nitrogen) in the surface layers of those areas where there is no upwelling of water from below. 3. The nitrates in the water of the English Channel, twenty-two miles south-west of Plymouth, are almost entirely utilised by phytoplankton in the summer, and commence to be reformed from ammonium salts at a greater rate than they are utilised by the end of the summer.