Assessing the effect of parasite antigen genetic diversity on performance of Plasmodium vivax serological exposure markers for malaria: a multicentre observational diagnostic accuracy study

Key Points

This study aims to investigate the relationship between genetic variation in Plasmodium vivax and the effectiveness of serological exposure markers for malaria.
Analyzed global genetic data from Plasmodium vivax to assess variation in 14 serological markers.
Tested antibody responses against redesigned antigens in samples from Brazil and Thailand (n=774 and 923).
Compared the accuracy of new haplotypes to a reference strain (Sal-1) for identifying recent infections.
Two antigens displayed strong regional differences in immune responses (RBP2a and DBPII).
Five out of eight proteins showed no significant effect on identifying recent exposure.
Combining multiple antigens improved classification accuracy for proteins like RBP2a.

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Observational study examines genetic diversity's impact on malaria exposure markers, suggesting practical diagnostic improvements.

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Bareng et al. (2026) studied this question.

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