A Study on SEO and Social Media Marketing in E-commerce Growth

The rapid expansion of India's e-commerce sector billion by projected to reach USD 350 2030-has transformed the competitive landscape for businesses of all sizes. In this environment, organic discoverability through Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) and audience engagement through Social Media Marketing (SMM) have emerged as two of the most cost-effective levers of growth. Yet empirical evidence on how these tools interact to drive measurable outcomes for Indian e-commerce businesses, especially small and medium enterprises (SMEs), remains fragmented. This study adopis a mixed-methods approach to investigate the relationship between SEO practices, social media marketing activities, and e-commerce performance indicators including organic traffic, conversion rates, and revenue growth. Primary data were collected from 120 e-commerce businesses and 300 online consumers across India through structured questionnaires administered via Google Forms, email, and WhatsApp. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve business owners to capture nuanced insights. Secondary data were sourced from Google Trends, Think with Google reports, Google Ads benchmarks, and peer-reviewed academic literature. Regression analysis reveals that a one-unit increase in the composite SEO implementation score is associated with a 23% increase in organic traffic (B=0.23, p<0.01), while sustained social media engagement is positively correlated with conversion rates (r=0.41, p < 0.05). Qualitative findings highlight the strategic importance of Instagram Reels and YouTube Shorts for productdiscovery, particularly during Indian festival seasons such as Diwali and the Big Billion Days. The study also identifies key gaps in practice: fewer than 38% of SMEs surveyed implement structured technical SEO audits, and content strategy remains largely ad hoc. The report concludes with actionable recommendations including a tactical SEO checklist, a platform-specific social media calendar, budget allocation guidance, and a three-phase implementation timeline. Future research should examine the role of Al-generated content in SEO performance and the long-term effects of influencer marketing on brand recall in Tier-2 and Tier-3 Indian cities. Keywords: SEO, Social Media Marketing, E-commerce, India, Digital Discovery, Organic Traffic, Conversion Rate, SMEs, Instagram Reels, Google Trends.