Paper VI of the Brane-Bulk Series Electric Charge as a Geometric Wave Mode at the Brane-Bulk Interface B. D. Jagadeesan, MD

Electric charge is proposed to be the topological winding number of the radial wave mode generated at the brane-bulk interface when the brane encounters a focal deceleration zone. The charge quantisation condition e = n × e0 arises from the requirement that the winding number be an integer. The U(1) gauge symmetry of elec- tromagnetism is the phase symmetry of this radial wave mode. The sump sector gauge group G2 is simply connected: π2(G2) = 0. This algebraically forbids topologically stable magnetic monopole solutions of the sump type monopoles are absent not be- cause the vacuum has been searched and found empty, but because no topologically stable monopole conguration exists in the G2 gauge sector. The absence of free mag- netic monopoles, conrmed by four decades of null searches, is thus derived from rst principles. Part of the One-Octonion Brane-Bulk Framework series. Anchor DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19120873. Community: one-octonion-brane-bulk. Author: Bharathi Dasan Jagadeesan, M.D., University of Minnesota. ORCID: 0000-0002-1143-941X.