Caregiver Perspectives for Pediatric Patients with Acute Kidney Injury on Dialysis: A Narrative Review

Caregivers of pediatric patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) undergoing dialysis face a wide range of challenges that significantly impact their physical, emotional, social, and financial well-being. This narrative review explores the complexities of caregiving for children with AKI, focusing on caregiver burden and its implications for both families and patients. The clinical education required for caregivers presents a steep learning curve, as they must acquire technical and medical knowledge to perform dialysis effectively, often with limited support and inconsistent training protocols. Financial strain further compounds the burden, with costs related to treatment, transportation, and lost income affecting caregivers’ ability to sustain employment and maintain financial stability. Social isolation, cultural stigma, and disrupted family dynamics add to the emotional toll, leading to high rates of depression, anxiety, and stress among caregivers. The unique reciprocal interaction between caregivers and pediatric patients further emphasizes the importance of addressing both perspectives. These challenges require targeted policies, enhanced training, and comprehensive support systems to alleviate the burden on caregivers, ultimately improving outcomes for pediatric patients with AKI and their families. Plain Language Summary: Caring for a child with acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant challenge for families. Caregivers experience high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression as they adjust to their new role. They must learn complex medical tasks, such as operating dialysis machines and managing medications. Many caregivers struggle with financial burdens due to medical costs, transportation expenses, and lost income from reduced work hours. Socially, they may feel isolated, struggle to balance family responsibilities, and face stigma from their communities. To help caregivers, solutions such as better education, telehealth, financial assistance, and mental health support should be prioritized. By addressing caregiver burden, healthcare providers can improve both the quality of life for families and health outcomes for children with AKI.