Conjugated porous polymers for energy applications

Efforts and challenges when synthesizing, characterizing and testing conjugated porous polymers (CPPs) in fields related to energy storage, conversion and production are reviewed from the author's perspective. The current state-of-the-art of such materials from synthesis and morphological control to applications that encompass gas and energy storage, catalysis and hydrogen production is reviewed. Contrary to classical π-conjugated polymers, special emphasis is given to the morphological aspects of CPPs and the control of surface area, porosity and pore volume and the implications of those properties in the aforementioned applications.