Incorporation of a finite-element mechanical model of the left ventricle into the 4D XCAT phantom provided a more accurate representation of abnormal LV motion due to myocardial infarction.
Incorporating a finite-element LV model into the XCAT phantom enables realistic simulation of abnormal cardiac motion from myocardial infarction, enhancing its utility for medical imaging research.
The 4D extended cardiac-torso (XCAT) phantom was developed to provide a realistic and flexible model of the human anatomy and cardiac and respiratory motions for use in medical imaging research. A prior limitation to the phantom was that it did not accurately simulate altered functions of the heart that result from cardiac pathologies such as coronary artery disease (CAD). We overcame this limitation in a previous study by combining the phantom with a finite-element (FE) mechanical model of the left ventricle (LV) capable of more realistically simulating regional defects caused by ischemia. In the present work, we extend this model giving it the ability to accurately simulate motion abnormalities caused by myocardial infarction (MI), a far more complex situation in terms of altered mechanics compared with the modeling of acute ischemia. The FE model geometry is based on high resolution CT images of a normal male subject. An anterior region was defined as infarcted and the material properties and fiber distribution were altered, according to the bio-physiological properties of two types of infarction, i.e., fibrous and remodeled infarction (30% thinner wall than fibrous case). Compared with the original, surface-based 4D beating heart model of the XCAT, where regional abnormalities are modeled by simply scaling down the motion in those regions, the FE model was found to provide a more accurate representation of the abnormal motion of the LV due to the effects of fibrous infarction as well as depicting the motion of remodeled infarction. In particular, the FE models allow for the accurate depiction of dyskinetic motion. The average circumferential strain results were found to be consistent with measured dyskinetic experimental results. Combined with the 4D XCAT phantom, the FE model can be used to produce realistic multimodality sets of imaging data from a variety of patients in which the normal or abnormal cardiac function is accurately represented.
Veress et al. (Tue,) conducted a other in Myocardial infarction (computational modeling) (n=1). Finite-element (FE) mechanical model of the left ventricle vs. Original surface-based 4D beating heart model of the XCAT was evaluated on Representation of abnormal motion of the LV (dyskinetic motion and average circumferential strain). Incorporation of a finite-element mechanical model of the left ventricle into the 4D XCAT phantom provided a more accurate representation of abnormal LV motion due to myocardial infarction.
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