This overview highlights the wide range of heritability estimates for physical performance and training responsiveness in the pre-molecular biology era, noting significant gaps in data regarding age, sex, and ethnicity.
Estimates vary too widely for clinical genetic counseling on performance; leaves open precise quantification pending standardized methods in diverse groups.
Estimated genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in physical performance phenotypes, responsiveness to intermittent, aerobic and strength training, and specific skill training protocols are the focus of this chapter. Data are derived primarily from twin and family studies, although methods of analysis vary considerably. Estimates of heritability span a wide range for several performance phenotypes and the responsiveness to training. This is explained, in part, by differences in sample characteristics and analytical strategies. Corresponding data for skill acquisition are very limited. Data dealing with the effects of age, sex, maturation and ethnicity on heritability estimates are lacking, and information on behavioral phenotypes that may be related to performance is not available.
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Peeters et al. (2009) conducted a review in Physical performance phenotypes.
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