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October 9, 2024Tropical Medicine and HealthOpen Access

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices in Africa: exploring the effects on public health and sustainable development plans

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Authors

OOOlalekan John OkesanyaUniversity of ThessalyGEGilbert EshunRoslin InstituteBUBonaventure Michael UkoakaUniversity of Port Harcourt

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Implication

Review reveals severe burdens of waterborne and neglected tropical diseases in African populations, highlighting the need for institutional capacity and sustainable financing.

Key Points

  • Synthesize the public health impact of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices across Africa and identify structural challenges to inform sustainable implementation policies.
  • Narrative review examining the burden of WASH-related diseases across low- and middle-income African regions.
  • Assessed health, systemic, and environmental barriers including climate change, funding gaps, malnutrition, and data reporting deficits.
  • Evaluated institutional frameworks, including WaterAid policy strategies and the WASH Fit tool.
  • Suboptimal WASH conditions cause millions of annual deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) through widespread transmission of cholera, dysentery, typhoid, and neglected tropical diseases including schistosomiasis and trachoma.
  • Implementation is impeded by poverty, climate change, low literacy, inadequate health care financing, and environmental contamination of soil and groundwater.
  • Addressing systemic WASH deficits requires institutional capacity enhancement, dedicated government administration, workforce skills training, and improved financial frameworks.

Cite This Study

Okesanya et al. (2024) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a105dfbb6f5ee040160973bhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-024-00614-3
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