Applications of AI and VR in High-Risk Training Simulations: A Bibliometric Review

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) in high-risk training simulations represents a significant advance in preparing professionals for critical situations. This study presents an exhaustive bibliometric review of the scientific literature published between 2015 and 2025, analyzing the trends, impact, and evolution of these technologies in various high-risk fields. The methodology employed included systematic searches in databases, such as Web of Science and Scopus, using keywords related to AI, VR, and high-risk simulation. Here, 700 articles were analyzed, applying co-citation analysis and scientific mapping techniques. The results reveal an exponential growth in publications on this topic, with an average annual increase of 5.54%. The following main thematic clusters were identified: emergency medicine, aviation, nuclear industry, and disaster response. The co-authorship analysis showed strong international collaboration, with the United States, China, and Germany standing out as leaders in research. This study provides a comprehensive view of the current state of research, identifying the main areas, gaps, and opportunities in the application of AI and VR in high-risk training.