The X-ray statistical properties of dust-obscured galaxies detected by eROSITA

Context. The tight correlation between supermassive black hole (SMBH) and host galaxy masses suggests their coevolution. Dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs) are thought to represent this coevolution phase, with active galactic nuclei (AGNs) buried in dust and gas. Despite hosting rapidly growing SMBHs, the X-ray statistical properties of DOGs remain poorly understood due to their rarity and the lack of wide, uniformly sensitive X-ray surveys. Aims. We construct a sample of X-ray-detected DOGs in the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS) field and examine their X-ray statistical properties. Methods. To construct the DOGs sample, we combined data from the Subaru/HSC SSP (optical), VIKING (near-infrared), and WISE (mid-infrared) all-sky surveys. We then cross-matched the sample with eROSITA -detected sources to select X-ray-detected DOGs. Results. We report the discovery of 5738 IR-bright DOGs within the 60 deg 2 area covered by both eFEDS and VIKING, including 65 X-ray-detected DOGs (eFEDS-DOGs). Among these, 41 eFEDS-DOGs exhibit a near- to mid-IR power-law slope, indicating dust-obscured AGNs. Hydrogen column densities ( N H ) of eFEDS-DOGs span 10 20 < N H /cm −2 ≲ 10 23 , including even unobscured AGNs. Most IR-bright DOGs remain undetected in X-rays, implying heavy obscuration ( N H /cm −2 > 10 23 ). eFEDS-DOGs, identified via the wide-area eROSITA survey, represent a less obscured DOG phase, possibly tracing the decline of dust/gas obscuration due to AGN feedback such as gas stripping or outflows. Some eFEDS-DOGs deviate up to ∼1 dex below the L 6 μm – L 0.5 − 2 keV (abs, corr) relation, potentially indicating high Eddington ratios near the Eddington limit. This suggests that eFEDS-DOGs are promising candidates for rapidly growing black holes in an early AGN feedback phase.