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This article reviews theories of identity formation ranging from the classic work of E. H Erikson to postmodern and feminist theories, and it incorporates qualitative research to examine the particular difficulties adolescent girls face in forming confident and powerful adult identities. Social/economic status identity, body image identity, the effects of the mass media, and the declining influence of family and community are discussed. The article concludes by suggesting that schools can potentially serve as sites for deconstructing these complex issues.
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Elizabeth E. Heilman (1998) studied this question.
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