Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the rate-limiting enzyme mediating triglyceride (TG) hydrolysis. The lack of ATGL results in TG accumulation in multiple tissues, underscoring the critical role of ATGL in maintaining lipid homeostasis. Recent evidence suggests that ATGL affects TG metabolism via activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). To investigate specific effects of intestinal ATGL on lipid metabolism we generated mice lacking ATGL exclusively in the intestine (ATGLiKO). We found decreased TG hydrolase activity and increased intracellular TG content in ATGLiKO small intestines. Intragastric administration of [3H]trioleate resulted in the accumulation of radioactive TG in the intestine, whereas absorption into the systemic circulation was unchanged. Intraperitoneally injected [3H]oleate also accumulated within TG in ATGLiKO intestines, indicating that ATGL mobilizes fatty acids from the systemic circulation absorbed by the basolateral side from the blood. Down-regulation of PPARα target genes suggested modulation of cholesterol absorption by intestinal ATGL. Accordingly, ATGL deficiency in the intestine resulted in delayed cholesterol absorption. Importantly, this study provides evidence that ATGL has no impact on intestinal TG absorption but hydrolyzes TGs taken up from the intestinal lumen and systemic circulation. Our data support the role of ATGL in modulating PPARα-dependent processes also in the small intestine. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the rate-limiting enzyme mediating triglyceride (TG) hydrolysis. The lack of ATGL results in TG accumulation in multiple tissues, underscoring the critical role of ATGL in maintaining lipid homeostasis. Recent evidence suggests that ATGL affects TG metabolism via activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). To investigate specific effects of intestinal ATGL on lipid metabolism we generated mice lacking ATGL exclusively in the intestine (ATGLiKO). We found decreased TG hydrolase activity and increased intracellular TG content in ATGLiKO small intestines. Intragastric administration of [3H]trioleate resulted in the accumulation of radioactive TG in the intestine, whereas absorption into the systemic circulation was unchanged. Intraperitoneally injected [3H]oleate also accumulated within TG in ATGLiKO intestines, indicating that ATGL mobilizes fatty acids from the systemic circulation absorbed by the basolateral side from the blood. Down-regulation of PPARα target genes suggested modulation of cholesterol absorption by intestinal ATGL. Accordingly, ATGL deficiency in the intestine resulted in delayed cholesterol absorption. Importantly, this study provides evidence that ATGL has no impact on intestinal TG absorption but hydrolyzes TGs taken up from the intestinal lumen and systemic circulation. Our data support the role of ATGL in modulating PPARα-dependent processes also in the small intestine. Absorption of fat takes place within the epithelial cells of the small intestine. The uptake of dietary triglycerides (TGs) is very effective: 95% of TG is absorbed by enterocytes. TGs are cleaved by pancreatic lipase in the lumen of the gut, resulting in the release of FFAs and monoglycerides, which are taken up by absorptive cells (1Whitcomb D.C. Lowe M.E. Human pancreatic digestive enzymes.Dig. Dis. Sci. 2007; 52: 1-17Crossref PubMed Scopus (323) Google Scholar). Once inside the enterocytes, FFAs become activated and esterified by acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 and acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1. Reassembled TGs are packed into chylomicrons, which are transported via the lymphatic system and released into the circulation (2Iqbal J. Hussain M.M. Intestinal lipid absorption.Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2009; 296: E1183-E1194Crossref PubMed Scopus (529) Google Scholar). Enterocytes also store TGs within cytosolic lipid droplets (CLDs) (3Lee B. Zhu J. Wolins N.E. Cheng J.X. Buhman K.K. Differential association of adipophilin and TIP47 proteins with cytoplasmic lipid droplets in mouse enterocytes during dietary fat absorption.Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 2009; 1791: 1173-1180Crossref PubMed Scopus (66) Google Scholar). TGs found within enterocytes are derived partly from dietary sources (absorbed by the apical membrane from the gastrointestinal lumen) and partly from the systemic circulation (absorbed by the basolateral membrane from the blood) (4Storch J. Zhou Y.X. Lagakos W.S. Metabolism of apical versus basolateral sn-2-monoacylglycerol and fatty acids in rodent small intestine.J. Lipid Res. 2008; 49: 1762-1769Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (60) Google Scholar). Niot et al. (5) suggested that, during the postprandial period, TGs generated by acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 are immediately available for lipoprotein synthesis, whereas TGs produced by acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 are mainly stored as CLDs. FFAs absorbed from the apical side (intestinal lumen) are mainly used for production of acylglycerols, which are then packed into chylomicrons, whereas FFAs taken up from the basolateral side (circulation) are mainly oxidized or incorporated into phospholipids (PLs) (4Storch J. Zhou Y.X. Lagakos W.S. Metabolism of apical versus basolateral sn-2-monoacylglycerol and fatty acids in rodent small intestine.J. Lipid Res. 2008; 49: 1762-1769Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (60) Google Scholar). Thus, evidence supports the presence of distinct pools of neutral lipids within enterocytes. Enterocytes exhibit acylglycerol hydrolase activity, which might be responsible for mobilizing FFAs from CLDs (6Grober J. Lucas S. Sorhede-Winzell M. Zaghini I. Mairal A. Contreras J.A. Besnard P. Holm C. Langin D. Hormone-sensitive lipase is a cholesterol esterase of the intestinal mucosa.J. Biol. Chem. 2003; 278: 6510-6515Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (52) Google Scholar, 7Mahan J.T. Heda G.D. Rao R.H. Mansbach 2nd, C.M. The intestine expresses pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase: regulation by dietary lipid.Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 2001; 280: G1187-G1196Crossref PubMed Google Scholar). Several cytosolic and microsomal lipases, including hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), intestinal pancreatic lipase (iPTL), arylacetamide deacetylase (AADA), and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), have been identified in enterocytes. HSL has been shown to have acylglycerol and cholesteryl ester hydrolase activity in the small intestine (6Grober J. Lucas S. Sorhede-Winzell M. Zaghini I. Mairal A. Contreras J.A. Besnard P. Holm C. Langin D. Hormone-sensitive lipase is a cholesterol esterase of the intestinal mucosa.J. Biol. Chem. 2003; 278: 6510-6515Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (52) Google Scholar). Indeed, we have recently shown that deficiency of intestinal HSL modulates cholesterol but not TG metabolism in the small intestine (8Obrowsky S. Chandak P.G. Patankar J.V. Pfeifer T. Povoden S. Schreiber R. Haemmerle G. Levak-Frank S. Kratky D. Cholesteryl ester accumulation and accelerated cholesterol absorption in intestine-specific hormone sensitive lipase-null mice.Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 2012; 1821: 1406-1414Crossref PubMed Scopus (12) Google Scholar). Rat iPTL is regulated by dietary fat and has been suggested to mobilize FFAs for the transport to the liver via the portal vein (7Mahan J.T. Heda G.D. Rao R.H. Mansbach 2nd, C.M. The intestine expresses pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase: regulation by dietary lipid.Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 2001; 280: G1187-G1196Crossref PubMed Google Scholar). AADA mRNA is expressed in intestinal mucosal cells (probably enterocytes) (9Trickett J.I. Patel D.D. Knight B.L. Saggerson E.D. Gibbons G.F. Pease R.J. Characterization of the rodent genes for arylacetamide deacetylase, a putative microsomal lipase, and evidence for transcriptional regulation.J. Biol. Chem. 2001; 276: 39522-39532Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (54) Google Scholar); its role has not been studied. ATGL, a member of the patatin domain-containing protein A family, selectively performs the first step in TG catabolism, resulting in the formation of diglycerides (DGs) and FFAs (10Lass A. Zimmermann R. Oberer M. Zechner R. Lipolysis: a highly regulated multi-enzyme complex mediates the catabolism of cellular fat stores.Prog. Lipid Res. 2011; 50: 14-27Crossref PubMed Scopus (448) Google Scholar). ATGL is expressed and active in most tissues and cells, such as white and brown adipose tissue, liver, brain, heart, skeletal muscle, and macrophages (11Ahmadian M. Abbott M.J. Tang T. Hudak C.S. Kim Y. Bruss M. Hellerstein M.K. Lee H.Y. Samuel V.T. Shulman G.I. et al.Desnutrin/ATGL is regulated by AMPK and is required for a brown adipose phenotype.Cell Metab. 2011; 13: 739-748Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (361) Google Scholar, 12Chandak P.G. Radovic B. Aflaki E. Kolb D. Buchebner M. Frohlich E. Magnes C. Sinner F. Haemmerle G. Zechner R. et al.Efficient phagocytosis requires triacylglycerol hydrolysis by adipose triglyceride lipase.J. Biol. Chem. 2010; 285: 20192-20201Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (106) Google Scholar, 13Haemmerle G. Lass A. Zimmermann R. Gorkiewicz G. Meyer C. Rozman J. Heldmaier G. Maier R. Theussl C. Eder S. et al.Defective lipolysis and altered energy metabolism in mice lacking adipose triglyceride lipase.Science. 2006; 312: 734-737Crossref PubMed Scopus (1011) Google Scholar, 14Haemmerle G. Moustafa T. Woelkart G. Buttner S. Schmidt A. van de Weijer T. Hesselink M. Jaeger D. Kienesberger et fat catabolism via and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, Adipose triglyceride lipase is a lipase that triacylglycerol and fatty and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, S. A. energy in mice with adipose deficiency of triglyceride 2012; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). the lack of ATGL results in lipid accumulation in tissues, including the G. Lass A. Zimmermann R. Gorkiewicz G. Meyer C. Rozman J. Heldmaier G. Maier R. Theussl C. Eder S. et al.Defective lipolysis and altered energy metabolism in mice lacking adipose triglyceride lipase.Science. 2006; 312: 734-737Crossref PubMed Scopus (1011) Google Scholar). ATGL deficiency to of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α target genes in tissues such as heart, liver, and brown adipose (11Ahmadian M. Abbott M.J. Tang T. Hudak C.S. Kim Y. Bruss M. Hellerstein M.K. Lee H.Y. Samuel V.T. Shulman G.I. et al.Desnutrin/ATGL is regulated by AMPK and is required for a brown adipose phenotype.Cell Metab. 2011; 13: 739-748Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (361) Google Scholar, 14Haemmerle G. Moustafa T. Woelkart G. Buttner S. Schmidt A. van de Weijer T. Hesselink M. Jaeger D. Kienesberger et fat catabolism via and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, Adipose triglyceride lipase is a lipase that triacylglycerol and fatty and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). the small intestine, PPARα processes such as and cholesterol absorption M. van van J. S. M. of activation in small 2007; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, M. de M. effects of dietary lipids on intestinal 2008; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, M. de van J. M. of and in small intestine during 2007; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). the of ATGL in the intestine and its impact on PPARα To investigate the of intestinal ATGL on lipid we generated mice lacking ATGL exclusively in the intestine systemic effects of ATGL deficiency on the this we have the and systemic impact of intestine-specific ATGL deficiency on lipid homeostasis. a as generated in the of into and of the and the identified by the of the results in of of a ATGL To ATGLiKO mice with mice the of the intestinal epithelial E. of the in of the and of the intestine.J. Biol. Chem. Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google on to as mice then to mice to the and ATGLiKO mice and to of to and a in a ATGLiKO and mice from or with a for or the of to The fat mice and was a of was as in with the on Human and of by the of and of and cholesterol and fatty in from mice to B. in and protein by of by and a of ATGL was used a of was used as from tissues was to the the was on a the in and to the of A. and the are available TG hydrolase activity was as P.G. Radovic B. Aflaki E. Kolb D. Buchebner M. Frohlich E. Magnes C. Sinner F. Haemmerle G. Zechner R. et al.Efficient phagocytosis requires triacylglycerol hydrolysis by adipose triglyceride lipase.J. Biol. Chem. 2010; 285: 20192-20201Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (106) Google Scholar). intestinal protein was from of protein in of was with TG and and of and for the was by and with the in of the was by ATGLiKO and or for a of of the small intestine and by the The lipid was a of in was and lipids a of the in and TG and the The to protein mice injected with the lipase in to mice with [3H]trioleate to dietary fat absorption. was and and and was by of the of lipid and lipids from in and by and and was by TG uptake was in mice with [3H]trioleate in and was by fat of mice and and lipids as To uptake a of mice with and was in lipid mice with in mice to and and the the of in the was To investigate ATGLiKO mice TG taken up from the basolateral side of enterocytes, mice injected with and small To mice during this from of and Lipid of by and and was by uptake and absorption was as P.G. S. Radovic B. P. Aflaki E. A. Povoden S. G. et of acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol intestinal cholesterol absorption and in mice.Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 2011; PubMed Scopus Google with mice a for with and and and was by cholesterol absorption was by the as P.G. S. Radovic B. P. Aflaki E. A. Povoden S. G. et of acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol intestinal cholesterol absorption and in mice.Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). mice for a of and in for lipids the and was by cholesterol absorption was by the absorption was and in of the and with and taken a with a are as for the of To the of intestinal ATGL on lipid and to systemic effects of ATGL deficiency on intestinal lipid we ATGL from the intestinal To ATGL in ATGLiKO intestine, we of the small intestine and and ATGL ATGL mRNA was in and of ATGLiKO mice with whereas no in liver, brown adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and ATGL protein was in ATGLiKO and TG hydrolase activity was in the and of ATGLiKO mice and we TG and cholesterol in and ATGLiKO and ATGLiKO and as and and a lipid of mice or for and and and are expressed as in a of intestinal TG and cholesterol in and ATGLiKO mice a TG content in and and and Intestinal cholesterol content was in mice but increased in and of increased of lipid droplets in and ATGLiKO mice with mice TG in ATGLiKO and mice To ATGL is in absorption of dietary we lipolysis by mice with Absorption into and liver was ATGLiKO mice increased in of the small intestine indicating that dietary lipids in ATGLiKO enterocytes. of the of this from dietary lipids into specific lipid within enterocytes increased in TGs and but not in FFAs or of ATGLiKO with mice accumulation within specific expressed as a of lipids a to a in accumulation into TGs and decreased accumulation into data that ATGL be for of lipids from TGs into To the intestinal uptake in the of absorption is in ATGLiKO we the small of was decreased by in ATGLiKO small intestines, with a delayed uptake of FFAs into enterocytes was most in the in ATGLiKO with in TG accumulation on which was in We then intestinal ATGL deficiency affects uptake from the intestinal fat was increased by in ATGLiKO mice we the of mice a of We found of and but increased data that the in fat is to enterocytes, whereas the of uptake is To ATGLiKO enterocytes TGs from the systemic circulation via the basolateral membrane of enterocytes, we injected [3H]oleate into ATGLiKO and mice and the in of the small intestine and lipid ATGLiKO mice a in in the small intestine mainly to in and and ATGLiKO a of in the TG of the a from and to TGs in ATGLiKO results that enterocytes lacking ATGL TGs derived from FFAs taken up from the systemic circulation by the basolateral side of enterocytes. ATGL deficiency has been shown to PPARα target in tissues (11Ahmadian M. Abbott M.J. Tang T. Hudak C.S. Kim Y. Bruss M. Hellerstein M.K. Lee H.Y. Samuel V.T. Shulman G.I. et al.Desnutrin/ATGL is regulated by AMPK and is required for a brown adipose phenotype.Cell Metab. 2011; 13: 739-748Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (361) Google Scholar, 14Haemmerle G. Moustafa T. Woelkart G. Buttner S. Schmidt A. van de Weijer T. Hesselink M. Jaeger D. Kienesberger et fat catabolism via and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, Adipose triglyceride lipase is a lipase that triacylglycerol and fatty and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). We the of intestinal PPARα target which and cholesterol absorption. mice a we decreased mRNA of genes in and mRNA of genes in lipid absorption for and microsomal triglyceride which in of ATGLiKO mice of genes modulating to be but not for in of ATGLiKO to mRNA of and ATGL in uptake and cholesterol absorption in the of mRNA in from mice PPARα target in ATGLiKO mice results that in the small intestine ATGL is mainly for PPARα activation during energy was in the of ATGLiKO we cholesterol absorption is by intestinal ATGL We found in liver and small intestine of ATGLiKO with mice of of in the cholesterol was in ATGLiKO mice data that of cholesterol are absorbed into the of ATGLiKO and mice with delayed absorption in ATGLiKO acids are to cholesterol we mRNA of apical and suggests that intestinal ATGL deficiency not the postprandial period, dietary TGs are stored in CLDs of enterocytes J. Lee B. Buhman K.K. Cheng J.X. A cytoplasmic triacylglycerol in enterocytes by and in Lipid Res. 2009; 50: Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google for the formation of during the CLDs become during absorption J. Lee B. Buhman K.K. Cheng J.X. A cytoplasmic triacylglycerol in enterocytes by and in Lipid Res. 2009; 50: Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google this requires TG hydrolysis by I. Besnard P. Intestinal absorption of fatty evidence and Lipid Res. 2009; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). ATGL is to the step in lipolysis by TGs into and FFAs C.M. B. and of triacylglycerol lipase and acylglycerol Biol. Chem. Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, J.A. S. E. Kim a patatin domain-containing is by and of triglyceride Biol. Chem. Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, R. Haemmerle G. G. R. M. Lass A. G. F. A. et in adipose is by adipose triglyceride lipase.Science. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). ATGL deficiency results in TG accumulation in tissues and cells P.G. Radovic B. Aflaki E. Kolb D. Buchebner M. Frohlich E. Magnes C. Sinner F. Haemmerle G. Zechner R. et al.Efficient phagocytosis requires triacylglycerol hydrolysis by adipose triglyceride lipase.J. Biol. Chem. 2010; 285: 20192-20201Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (106) Google Scholar, 13Haemmerle G. Lass A. Zimmermann R. Gorkiewicz G. Meyer C. Rozman J. Heldmaier G. Maier R. Theussl C. Eder S. et al.Defective lipolysis and altered energy metabolism in mice lacking adipose triglyceride lipase.Science. 2006; 312: 734-737Crossref PubMed Scopus (1011) Google Scholar, T. C. M. C. M. R. A. et triglyceride lipase affects triacylglycerol metabolism 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). We that ATGL is a for TG catabolism in the small intestine. TG hydrolase activity was in ATGLiKO results that, ATGL, are in intestinal TG to the TG hydrolase We have shown that HSL to intestinal TG hydrolase activity in (8Obrowsky S. Chandak P.G. Patankar J.V. Pfeifer T. Povoden S. Schreiber R. Haemmerle G. Levak-Frank S. Kratky D. Cholesteryl ester accumulation and accelerated cholesterol absorption in intestine-specific hormone sensitive lipase-null mice.Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 2012; 1821: 1406-1414Crossref PubMed Scopus (12) Google Scholar). and the intestinal of which also TG hydrolase such as and shown to be expressed in the small intestine and might also to intestinal lipid metabolism in R. Liver triacylglycerol Biophys. Acta. 2012; 1821: PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). TG hydrolase activity in the of ATGL was also in such as the T. C. M. C. M. R. A. et triglyceride lipase affects triacylglycerol metabolism 2011; PubMed Scopus Google or the liver Adipose triglyceride lipase is a lipase that triacylglycerol and fatty and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google that to neutral TG in we that the of intestinal ATGL results in modulation of intestinal lipid we found that TGs accumulated in the small intestine in to a dietary TG we of in and A of ATGL in dietary TG absorption have to accumulation of radioactive TGs in the small intestine as but also to of in and that ATGL hydrolyzes TGs but is not in TG absorption or TG release from enterocytes into the Our are in with data in from in which very lipoprotein release was to mice F. S. G. of liver adipose triglyceride lipase in mice 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). TG absorption in the small intestine in this study and release shown by Adipose triglyceride lipase is a lipase that triacylglycerol and fatty and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, F. S. G. of liver adipose triglyceride lipase in mice 2011; PubMed Scopus Google that ATGL is not required for lipids for lipoprotein in the small intestine or of mice with which activity, the formation of FFAs and to the of the basolateral uptake of lipids into enterocytes. The that during this TGs in ATGLiKO that ATGL hydrolyzes TGs lipid uptake from the intestinal administration of [3H]oleate resulted in increased in the TG of ATGLiKO small intestines. mice during this of the we the of derived from the We a uptake of lipids from the We that ATGL within enterocytes mobilizes FFAs absorbed from the The by which enterocytes up lipids from the basolateral side has not been is that enterocytes to up and to cholesterol 2012; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). was that the small intestine is to up 2nd, C.M. of the intestine in J. Physiol. Google Scholar, M. Mansbach 2nd, C.M. uptake by enterocytes is receptor J. Physiol. PubMed Google and FFAs (4Storch J. Zhou Y.X. Lagakos W.S. Metabolism of apical versus basolateral sn-2-monoacylglycerol and fatty acids in rodent small intestine.J. Lipid Res. 2008; 49: 1762-1769Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (60) Google Scholar). FFAs taken up from the are mainly used for and for TGs taken up from the intestinal are transported in via the lymphatic system into the (4Storch J. Zhou Y.X. Lagakos W.S. Metabolism of apical versus basolateral sn-2-monoacylglycerol and fatty acids in rodent small intestine.J. Lipid Res. 2008; 49: 1762-1769Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (60) Google Scholar). with data from the evidence that TG pools in enterocytes, ATGL hydrolyzes TGs from the used for and ATGLiKO mice a we increased fat lipid uptake P. P. of fat by with and Chem. PubMed Scopus Google might have been of resulted in TG absorption and of in lipid from that the of FFAs taken up is in ATGLiKO the of enterocytes is to K.K. P. of of intestinal J. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). enterocytes are into the intestinal lumen The small intestine as a Metab. 2003; PubMed Scopus Google and the lipid content of enterocytes also to fat Y. S. J. S. in in mice with intestine-specific Biol. Chem. 2006; Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). ATGLiKO enterocytes is that of enterocytes is the for increased fat in ATGLiKO lipid and liver TG are in ATGLiKO that intestinal ATGL deficiency has effects on lipid metabolism within the of this might be by TG and cholesterol absorption in ATGLiKO Recent that ATGL is in the regulation of PPARα target genes (11Ahmadian M. Abbott M.J. Tang T. Hudak C.S. Kim Y. Bruss M. Hellerstein M.K. Lee H.Y. Samuel V.T. Shulman G.I. et al.Desnutrin/ATGL is regulated by AMPK and is required for a brown adipose phenotype.Cell Metab. 2011; 13: 739-748Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (361) Google Scholar, 14Haemmerle G. Moustafa T. Woelkart G. Buttner S. Schmidt A. van de Weijer T. Hesselink M. Jaeger D. Kienesberger et fat catabolism via and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, Adipose triglyceride lipase is a lipase that triacylglycerol and fatty and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). Intestinal PPARα genes in lipid absorption M. de van J. M. of and in small intestine during 2007; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, B.L. Patel D.D. D. Gibbons G.F. of cholesterol absorption with a in in Lipid Res. 2003; Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google R. Y. S. Y. T. T. T. of peroxisome proliferator-activated postprandial fatty in Biophys. Res. 2011; PubMed Scopus Google and M. de M. effects of dietary lipids on intestinal 2008; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). liver and G. Moustafa T. Woelkart G. Buttner S. Schmidt A. van de Weijer T. Hesselink M. Jaeger D. Kienesberger et fat catabolism via and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, Adipose triglyceride lipase is a lipase that triacylglycerol and fatty and 2011; PubMed Scopus Google ATGL deficiency resulted in decreased mRNA of genes We a of genes in the small intestine of ATGLiKO mRNA of the transport protein was in ATGLiKO small intestine. the small intestine, is regulated by PPARα A. Cheng J.X. Buhman K.K. a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor triglyceride metabolism in enterocytes of mice.Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 2011; PubMed Scopus Google and is in the uptake of FFAs and cholesterol from the intestinal lumen F. S. C.M. Lee D. R.J. P. is for formation and and cholesterol uptake in the 2006; Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). We that the of was the for the delayed uptake of FFAs small of radioactive mRNA of PPARα target genes in small of mice that ATGL is to PPARα-dependent processes exclusively in the to mRNA of the of cholesterol to J. C. B. et to in 2006; PubMed Scopus Google is in ATGLiKO of and mRNA suggested that ATGL might be in cholesterol homeostasis. Intestinal deficiency is with decreased delayed cholesterol absorption into the and increased intestinal cholesterol J. C. B. et to in 2006; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). activation of PPARα was to and intestinal production S. M. F. R. A. G. B. et of intestinal peroxisome proliferator-activated lipoprotein J. 2012; PubMed Google Scholar). cholesterol uptake delayed uptake of cholesterol into the small intestine and release of cholesterol into the of ATGLiKO which might be as a of mRNA of the cholesterol and the cholesterol cholesterol absorption by the cholesterol absorption. is not was shown to be for cholesterol uptake of the small intestine F. S. C.M. Lee D. R.J. P. is for formation and and cholesterol uptake in the 2006; Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). We that cholesterol in from ATGLiKO mice are the of intestinal mice exhibit cholesterol absorption but increased intestinal cholesterol J. C. B. et to in 2006; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). The modulation of uptake and cholesterol absorption by ATGL is in this study ATGL as TG hydrolase of the small intestine. of TGs and modulation of PPARα the of apical uptake and basolateral cholesterol the role of ATGL in intestinal lipid homeostasis. The A. for and I. for mice with arylacetamide deacetylase adipose triglyceride lipase intestine-specific cytosolic lipid hormone sensitive lipase intestinal pancreatic triglyceride lipase fatty peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor cholesterol triglyceride
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