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Observational modeling reveals predicted galaxy colors and magnitudes up to redshift z = 2, suggesting spiral galaxies dominate distant cluster brightness.
Ultraviolet observations of nearby galaxies with the ANS are used to derive ultraviolet spectra for different galaxy types. These spectra are used with existing visible spectrophotometry to calculate K-corrections, and to predict colors and magnitudes for various galaxy types as a function of redshifts, to z = 2. No evolutionary effects are considered. It appears that the first-ranked cluster galaxies on blue emulsions should be spirals for z greater than or approximately equal to 0.5.
Coleman et al. (1980) studied this question.