Richard W. Pollay, S. Siddarth, Michael Siegel, Anne Haddix, Robert K. Merritt, Gary A. Giovino, Michael P. Eriksen, The Last Straw? Cigarette Advertising and Realized Market Shares among Youths and Adults, 1979-1993, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 60, No. 2 (Apr., 1996), pp. 1-16
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Pollay et al. (1996) studied this question.