Rachel Lee Nardo, Lori A. Custodero, Diane C. Persellin, Donna Brink Fox, Looking Back, Looking Forward: A Report on Early Childhood Music Education in Accredited American Preschools, Journal of Research in Music Education, Vol. 54, No. 4 (Winter, 2006), pp. 278-292
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Nardo et al. (2006) studied this question.