Key result
Metabolic syndrome linked to ~9% lower VO2max and higher VE/VCO2 slope.
Why the study?
Additional cardiopulmonary exercise testing variables have prognostic value in chronic disease, but information is limited on how cardiopulmonary exercise responses are altered in metabolic syndrome.
Are cardiopulmonary exercise testing variables associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome in adults?
Cohort (n=3,181)
Are cardiopulmonary exercise testing variables associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome in adults?
Metabolic syndrome is associated with altered cardiopulmonary function during exercise testing, including lower VO2max and higher VE/VCO2 slope, which may provide insight into its underlying pathophysiology.
Metabolic syndrome was associated with impaired CPET parameters; leaves open causal links and prospective utility for risk stratification.
Background: The association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is well established. Additional variables derived from cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) have shown prognostic value in some chronic diseases, however, there is limited information on how cardiopulmonary responses to exercise may be altered in individuals with MetSyn. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between cardiopulmonary variables derived from CPET and MetSyn. Methods: A cohort of 3181 participants (1714 men, 1467 women), aged 20–79 years, completed CPET and metabolic risk factor assessment between January 1, 1971, and November 1, 2020. Cardiopulmonary variables assessed included CRF defined as the maximum volume of oxygen uptake (VO2max), ventilatory threshold (VO2@VT), oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES), the ratio of ventilation to VO2 at peak exercise (peak VE/VO2) and the VE/VCO2slope. MetSyn was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel. Results: VO2max, VO2@VT, and OUES were lower (P < 0.001) and VE/VCO2slope was higher (P < 0.001) in individuals with MetSyn (n = 774), whereas no difference between groups existed for peak VE/VO2. Logistic regression analysis revealed that VO2max [0.91, 0.89–0.93; odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI)], VO2@VT (0.91, 0.87–0.95; OR, 95% CI), OUES (0.32, 0.20–0.52; OR, 95% CI), and VE/VCO2slope (1.03, 1.01–1.05 OR, 95% CI) were all associated with the presence of MetSyn (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: These results indicate that MetSyn is associated with altered cardiopulomary function that may provide insight into the underlying pathophysiology of MetSyn.
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Rodriguez et al. (2022) conducted a cohort in Metabolic syndrome (n=3,181). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing variables vs. Individuals without metabolic syndrome was evaluated on Association of VO2max with the presence of metabolic syndrome (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.89-0.93, p=≤0.001). Metabolic syndrome was significantly associated with altered cardiopulmonary function, including lower VO2max (OR 0.91; 95% CI 0.89-0.93; P≤0.001) and higher VE/VCO2 slope.
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