Key result
Higher retail density linked to ~6% lower odds of excellent self-rated physical health.
Why the study?
Self-rated health is a common measure of overall health, but little is known about multilevel correlates of physical and mental self-rated health.
Cross-Sectional (n=455)
Yes
Effect estimate: OR 0.94 (95% CI 0.90-0.99)
p-value: p=<0.05
Physical self-rated health is associated with both individual factors like age and community-level factors such as retail density and socioeconomic status, highlighting the importance of geographic context in health disparities.
Physical SRH associations with age and community factors should not change practice; hypothesis-generating for longitudinal disparities research.
Background Self-rated health (SRH) is a common measure of overall health. However, little is known about multilevel correlates of physical and mental SRH. Methods Patients attending primary care clinics completed a survey before their appointment, which we linked to community data from American Community Survey and other sources (n = 455). We conducted multilevel logistic regression to assess correlates of excellent/very good versus good/fair/poor physical and mental SRH. Results 43.9% of participants had excellent/very good physical SRH, and 55.2% had excellent/very good mental SRH. Physical SRH was associated with age (odds ratio[OR] = 0.82 per 10 years; 95% confidence interval[CI] = 0.72-0.93) and community correlates, including retail establishment density (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.90-0.99) and percent of students eligible for free/reduced lunch (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.08-2.38) (all P < .05). Mental SRH was not associated with any characteristics. Conclusions Practitioners in public health, social work, and medicine could use zip codes to intervene in patients and communities to improve physical SRH.
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Moss et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in Self-rated health in primary care patients (n=455). Area- and individual-level correlates was evaluated on Excellent/very good versus good/fair/poor physical and mental self-rated health (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.99, p=<0.05). Physical self-rated health was significantly associated with age (OR 0.82 per 10 years), retail establishment density (OR 0.94), and percent of students eligible for free/reduced lunch (OR 1.60).
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