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This article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the nature and evolution of rurallivelihood diversification in sub-Saharan Africa, and the situation regarding smallholders. It reveals mixedfindings about the causes and consequences of livelihood diversification on rural smallholders adopting thisstrategy. A lot of evidence from the literature suggests that it is relatively better-off smallholders with sufficientassets who achieve successful livelihood diversification, mainly by exploiting opportunities and synergies betweenfarm and nonfarm activities. Because of asset constraints, increase in incomes and wealth based on livelihooddiversification has not yet benefitted the large majority of smallholders.
Sarah Alobo Loison (Thu,) studied this question.