Open Innovation Systems in Developing Countries: Sustainable Digital Networks and Collaboration in Smes

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries may gain numerous benefits when collaborating with external partners during their innovation projects. Their limitations to innovate independently direct them toward other subjects, with whom collaboration is of mutual interest. However, SMEs in developing countries are also found to face many obstacles while engaging in this kind of relationship, so it is not easy to translate experiences from de veloped countries into this context. There are many online tools that foster this type of collaboration, but SMEs in de veloping countries are rarely able to design and maintain this kind of ecosystem on their own. The