Key result
Arterial hypertension increases cognitive impairment risk, with deficits in 73.7% of patients and severe dementia risk escalating 4.8-fold when systolic blood pressure exceeds 160 mmHg.
Why the study?
Dementia is a leading cause of global mortality and disability with 40% of cases potentially preventable by addressing modifiable risk factors like arterial hypertension, but the cognitive impact of antihypertensive therapy remains controversial.
Does a combined neuroprotective agent containing Ginkgo biloba extract and nicotinoyl GABA improve cognitive performance in patients with arterial hypertension?
Does a combined neuroprotective agent containing Ginkgo biloba extract and nicotinoyl GABA improve cognitive performance in patients with arterial hypertension?
Incorporating a combination of nicotinoyl GABA and Ginkgo biloba extract into hypertension management may offer dual benefits of ameliorating cognitive deficits and slowing their progression.
May warrant cognitive monitoring in hypertension; leaves open whether BP control prevents dementia in prospective trials.
Dementia remains one of the leading causes of global mortality and disability. Current evidence suggests that 40% of dementia cases could potentially be prevented or delayed by addressing modifiable risk factors, including arterial hypertension (AH). This review examines the pathophysiological relationship between AH and cognitive impairment (CI), along with practical approaches to patient management. Extensive epidemiological studies have established AH as a significant independent risk factor for CI, with cognitive deficits detected in 73.7% of hypertensive patients. The risk of CI increases by 7–16% with every 10 mm Hg elevation in systolic blood pressure (SBP), while severe dementia risk escalates 4.8 – fold when SBP exceeds 160 mmHg. The underlying mechanisms involve cerebral microangiopathy, white matter lesions, and neurodegenerative processes, which become particularly pronounced in cases of chronic uncontrolled hypertension. The cognitive impact of antihypertensive therapy remain controversial: while blood pressure control demonstrates neuroprotective potential, aggressive antihypertensive treatment in elderly patients may compromise cerebral perfusion. In this context, the combined neuroprotective agent containing a combination of extract from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) and nicotinoyl gamma-aminobutyric acid (nicotinoyl GABA) – integrating vasoactive, neuroprotective and metabolic properties – emerges as a promising therapeutic option for AH patients with cognitive concerns. Clinical trial and observational data confirm that this unique combination of nicotinoyl GABA and EGb not only enhances cognitive performance but also alleviates anxiety and improves sleep quality. The drug demonstrates excellent compatibility with standard antihypertensive regimens, requires no dose adjustments for concomitant cardiovascular medications and shows efficacy across diverse age groups. Incorporating the complex drug containing nicotinoyl GABA and EGb into comprehensive AH management protocols may offer dual benefits: ameliorating existing cognitive deficits and potentially slowing their progression.
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Titova et al. (2025) conducted a review in Arterial hypertension and cognitive impairment. Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) and nicotinoyl GABA was evaluated. Arterial hypertension increases cognitive impairment risk, with deficits in 73.7% of patients and severe dementia risk escalating 4.8-fold when systolic blood pressure exceeds 160 mmHg.
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