Beyond Individual Vulnerability: Recommendations for Structurally Informed Intervention

This research examines expert advice on interventions for populations facing social vulnerability. Based on semi-structured interviews with professionals in psychosocial support, health, education, human geography and public policy, the study employs reflexive thematic analysis to detect common themes in how vulnerability is perceived and managed in practice. The results identify three interconnected clusters: first, viewing vulnerability as a product of structural factors, highlighting issues like institutional fragmentation, bureaucratic obstacles, and policy inconsistencies rather than individual shortcomings; second, emphasising relational and recognition processes, such as trust, active listening, and respect for personal journeys as key to meaningful engagement; and third, focusing on mediation and empowerment tactics, including institutional mediation, critical education, and digital literacy, to improve access and agency without shifting responsibility to individuals. Overall, the findings suggest that effective intervention demands integrated strategies that address structural conditions, relational factors, and empowerment methods. By consolidating expert insights, the study offers empirically based guidance for practice and service organisation, emphasising the need for structurally aware, relationally grounded, and context-sensitive responses to current vulnerabilities.