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The relation of social-psychological orientations to overt action is analyzed by examining the pattern of association of a number of scales to membership, degree of activity, and degree of radicalism in peace groups. Four types of alienation are found to be significatly related to social-action patterns, but in different directions. Mode of explaining social events is found to be a crucial underlying orientation. But analysis of recruitment patterns indicates interpersonal and status factors also determine peace-group membership. Bibiographical data suggest that orientations predisposing to peace-group membership take shape in youth and early adulthood instead of being internalized in childhood.
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Charles D. Bolton (1972) studied this question.
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