Key result
Review highlights COVID-19 associated myocarditis, growing CMR utility, and emerging molecular biomarkers in children.
Why the study?
Pediatric myocarditis incidence has increased since the COVID-19 pandemic, but questions remain regarding diagnosis, risk stratification, and optimal therapy.
This review highlights recent advances in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and imaging of pediatric myocarditis, particularly in the context of COVID-19 and emerging molecular biomarkers.
May inform pediatric myocarditis evaluation post-COVID; leaves open standardized use of CMR and biomarkers pending prospective data.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: While pediatric myocarditis incidence has increased since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there remain questions regarding diagnosis, risk stratification, and optimal therapy. This review highlights recent publications and continued unanswered questions related to myocarditis in children. RECENT FINDINGS: Emergence from the COVID-19 era has allowed more accurate description of the incidence and prognosis of myocarditis adjacent to COVID-19 infection and vaccine administration as well that of multi-system inflammatory disease in children (MIS-C). As cardiac magnetic resonance technology has shown increased availability and evidence in pediatric myocarditis, it is important to understand conclusions from adult imaging studies and define the use of this imaging biomarker in children. Precision medicine has begun to allow real-time molecular evaluations to help diagnose and risk-stratify cardiovascular diseases, with emerging evidence of these modalities in myocarditis. SUMMARY: Recent information regarding COVID-19 associated myocarditis, cardiac magnetic resonance, and molecular biomarkers may help clinicians caring for children with myocarditis and identify needs for future investigations.
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Goldberg et al. (2024) conducted a review in Pediatric myocarditis. Recent evidence highlights the incidence of COVID-19 associated myocarditis, the growing utility of cardiac magnetic resonance, and emerging molecular biomarkers for pediatric myocarditis.
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