Key result
Cold executive functions play task-dependent roles in decision making under ambiguity and risk.
Why the study?
Few studies have analyzed the role of executive functions in decision making under ambiguity and risk in healthy adults, and the relationship with cold executive functions remains unclear.
This scoping review highlights the different roles of cold executive functions in decision making under ambiguity and risk in healthy adults.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Task-specific executive assessment may refine decision-making research in healthy adults; leaves open clinical translation and interventional trials.
Decision making (DM) has a pivotal role in supporting individual autonomy and well-being. It is considered a complex ability exploiting many cognitive functions, among which executive functions (EFs) are crucial. Few studies analyzed the role played by EFs in DM in healthy adults under ambiguity and risk, which are common conditions for most decisions in daily life. This scoping review aims to analyze the relationships between two individual tasks widely used to assess DM under these conditions (Iowa Gambling Task and Game of Dice Task) and EFs. According to the organizing principle that conceptualizes hot and cold EFs, DM under such conditions mainly implies hot EFs, but the relationship with cold EFs is still unclear. Using such an approach, a comprehensive framework is provided, highlighting main findings and identifying possible gaps in the literature. The results suggest different roles played by cold EFs in DM under ambiguity and risk, according to the characteristics of the tasks. The findings can offer guidance to further studies and to design interventions to support DM in healthy adults.
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Colautti et al. (2022) conducted a review in Decision making under ambiguity and risk. Iowa Gambling Task and Game of Dice Task was evaluated on Relationship between decision making tasks and executive functions. Cold executive functions play different roles in decision making under ambiguity and risk in healthy adults, depending on the specific characteristics of the tasks assessed.
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