Key result
Diabetes linked to ~297% higher CAC risk in patients starting hemodialysis.
Why the study?
Vascular calcification is an important risk factor for cardiovascular events in maintenance hemodialysis, but data on calcification-related factors in patients beginning hemodialysis are limited.
Observational (n=86)
No
Age, comorbidity index, and diabetes are independent risk factors for coronary artery calcification in patients initiating hemodialysis, which can be used to build a predictive scoring model.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May inform CAC risk stratification at hemodialysis initiation; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation.
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Vascular calcification (VC) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular events in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD); however, there is limited data on VC-related factors in patients beginning hemodialysis. Thus, this study aimed to determine the risk factors of VC and to establish a prediction model for evaluating VC progression in new patients undergoing hemodialysis. METHODS: This study selected 86 patients who initiated in-center MHD between March 2021 and November 2022. Demographic characteristics, medical history, and laboratory data were collected. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) was assessed based on the Agatston vascular score determined via computed tomography. Serum levels of the VC inhibitors fetuin-A was quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the risk factors for VC, and a neural network-based approach was adopted to construct a VC prediction model. RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 56.74 ± 12.79 years, and 65.1% were male. CAC was observed in 72.09% of patients. Age, body mass index, diabetes, the comorbidity index, and the number of coronary artery branches with calcification were positively correlated with the CAC score, whereas plasma fetuin-A levels was negatively correlated. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age [odds ratio (OR) 1.07, 95%CI 1.00-1.14], the comorbidity index [OR 1.72, 95%CI 1.16-2.57], diabetes [OR 3.97, 95%CI 1.16-13.58] were independent risk factors for CAC; these factors were used to establish a simple scoring model to predict VC risk. CONCLUSION: Age, the comorbidity index, diabetes were identified as independent risk factors for CAC in patients beginning hemodialysis, and the new VC prediction model based on these factors may help identify VC in patients undergoing MHD, facilitating clinical interventions.
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Xiong et al. (2025) conducted an observational in End-stage kidney disease beginning hemodialysis (n=86). Risk factors (Age, diabetes, Charlson Comorbidity Index) was evaluated on Coronary artery calcification (CAC) (OR 3.97, 95% CI 1.16-13.58, p=0.028). Diabetes, the Charlson Comorbidity Index, and age were identified as independent risk factors for coronary artery calcification in patients beginning hemodialysis.
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