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Investigations concerned with the developing and influencing of attitude toward mathematics have dealt almost exclusively with enjoyment of the subject or anxiety in its presence. Although various psychometric procedures have been applied in constructing the measures of attitude employed in such investigations (see Aiken, 1972; Anttonen, 1969; Dutton, 1962; McCallon & Brown, 1971), the attitude dimension assessed by these instruments usually involves only one of the affective goals of mathematics instruction.
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Lewis R. Aiken (1974) studied this question.
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