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Gender differences in maths, reading, science and the amount of homework done out of school were obtained for tenth and twelfth graders from the American National Educational Longitudinal Study. Males obtained significantly higher mean scores in maths and science, and females obtained significantly higher mean scores in reading and amount of homework. There were significant correlations between test scores and amount of homework, suggesting that amount of homework contributes to test scores.
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Mau et al. (2000) studied this question.
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