Salvage excavations of the Afyon archaeological museum, part 2 : the settlement of Karaoğlan Mevkii and the Early Bronze Age cemetery of Kaklık Mevkii

This article deals with the salvage excavations of the Afyon Archaeological Museum at Karaoğlan Mevkii and Kakhk Mevkii in the north of the province. Here the EB 2 and EB 3 material from the cemetery at Kakhk Mevkii is considered, as well as the finds from the EB 2 settlement at Karaoğlan Mevkii. The settlement, which corresponds to the second half of the EB 2 period, demonstrates a single cultural continuum comprised of two —or possibly three — architectural subphases. It is encircled by an impressive fortification wall replete with towers and buttresses. The layout of the settlement, although only partially excavated, reflects a somewhat degenerate version of the Anatolisches Siedlungsschema revealed at Demircihüyük. The pottery displays the characteristics of (and better defines) the 'Afyon EB 2 pottery group', previously recognized only through surface survey. The graves at Kakhk Mevkii were found in two clusters (in Area A and in Area B), dug into the early EB 1 settlement treated in Part 1 . The graves fall chronologically into three groups. The earliest graves are the cists and pithos burials found in Area B, roughly contemporary with the settlement at Karaoglan Mevkii. A second group, concentrated in Area A, consists of pseudo-chamber tombs and simple inhumations from the very beginning of the EB 3 period. The latest graves are simple inhumations from mid-EB 3 times. The material from this cemetery — particularly considering the analogies between the finds here and those from the Demircihüyük-Sanket and Karatas/Semayük cemeteries— represents a significant contribution to the EBA chronology of inland western Anatolia.