Key result
Voluntary self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly associated with major depression (OR 2.70) and anxiety (OR 3.60) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease on biological therapy.
Why the study?
COVID-19 pandemic restrictions altered hospital outpatient follow-up routines, prompting an evaluation of associations between psychological health and concerns regarding societal and hospital restrictions in patients with IBD on biological therapy.
Are concerns about COVID-19 restrictions associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety in patients with IBD on biological therapy?
Cross-Sectional (n=506)
No
Are concerns about COVID-19 restrictions associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety in patients with IBD on biological therapy?
Effect estimate: OR 2.70 (95% CI 1.56-4.70)
p-value: p=<0.001
COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and related concerns were significantly associated with increased anxiety and depression among IBD patients on biological therapy.
PURPOSE: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic restrictions have led to changes in the follow-up routine of patients in outpatient clinics at hospitals in Norway. The purpose of this study was to assess possible associations between psychological health and concerns regarding COVID-19 societal and hospital restrictions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease on biological therapy. METHODS: Patients with IBD (≥ 18 years) undergoing biological treatment (TNF-alpha inhibitor, ustekinumab, vedolizumab) for IBD were recruited from an IBD outpatient clinic in Norway. Data were collected through self-report, including questions covering concerns regarding their disease, medical therapy, and follow-up during the pandemic, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire (GAD-7). Multiple logistic regression with backward conditional selection was fitted to examine associations between patients' depression and anxiety levels and their concerns about COVID-19 restrictions, controlled for sociodemographic and disease-related factors. RESULTS: Five-hundred and six patients were included in this study. General condition, self-isolation, employment status, fear of visiting the hospital, and changes to patients' appointments made by the hospital were independently associated with higher levels of depression. Female gender, experiencing symptoms of COVID-19, self-isolation, experiencing an increased risk of COVID-19 because of IBD, being afraid to visit the hospital because of COVID-19 restrictions, and having their appointment cancelled due to COVID-19 were independently associated with higher anxiety levels. CONCLUSION: Concerns about physical health and societal and hospital restrictions were associated with anxiety and depression in patients with IBD undergoing biological treatment. The findings will help facilitate healthcare services for patients with IBD in outpatient clinics and develop guidelines for follow-up.
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Opheim et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Inflammatory bowel disease (n=506). Voluntary self-isolation during COVID-19 pandemic vs. No self-isolation was evaluated on Major depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.56-4.70, p=<0.001). Voluntary self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly associated with major depression (OR 2.70) and anxiety (OR 3.60) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease on biological therapy.
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