Why the study?
The study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse literature on relations between markers of nutritional status and long-term mortality, recurrence, and all-cause readmission following myocardial infarction.
Does abnormal BMI affect long-term mortality, recurrence, and readmission in adult patients following myocardial infarction compared to normal weight?
Meta-Analysis
Does abnormal BMI affect long-term mortality, recurrence, and readmission in adult patients following myocardial infarction compared to normal weight?
Effect estimate: HR 1.42 (95% CI 1.24-1.62)
In post-MI patients, being underweight is associated with increased long-term mortality, whereas being overweight or obese is associated with lower mortality compared to normal weight, demonstrating an obesity paradox.
The following study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse the literature on the relations between markers of nutritional status and long-term mortality, recurrence and all-cause hospital readmission following myocardial infarction (MI). Medline, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched for prospective cohort studies reporting the relationship between anthropometric and biochemical markers of nutritional status and nutritional assessment tools on long-term mortality, recurrence and all-cause hospital readmission in adult patients with an MI. Two reviewers conducted screening, data extraction and critical appraisal independently. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed. Twenty-seven studies were included in the qualitative synthesis and twenty-four in the meta-analysis. All eligible studies analysed BMI as their exposure of interest. Relative to normal weight, mortality was highest in underweight patients (adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.42 (1.24-1.62)) and lower in both overweight (0.85 (0.76-0.94)) and obese patients (0.86 (0.81-0.91)), over a mean follow-up ranging from 6 months to 17 years. No statistically significant associations were identified between different BMI categories for the outcomes of recurrence and hospital readmission. Patients with low BMI carried a significant mortality risk post-MI; however due to the known limitations associated with BMI measurement, further evidence regarding the prognostic utility of other nutritional markers is required.
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Paola et al. (2022) conducted a meta-analysis in Myocardial infarction. Underweight BMI vs. Normal weight BMI was evaluated on Long-term mortality (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.24-1.62).
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