This systematic review shows how blockchain can implement fair policies and promote citizen engagement in communities.
Blockchain applications, which are gaining traction, offer ways for people to interact without depending on intermediaries. This is beneficial, as the use of intermediaries contributed significantly to the global systemic failures of the 2008 global financial crisis. Secure blockchain systems, informed by principles of social justice, can prepare organisations and communities for meaningful and transformative change. Blockchains can promote citizen participation, solve development financial challenges, and help implement and systematise leaders' decisions. This chapter uses a systematic review of blockchain leadership literature to show how this technology can help implement fair and socially just policies. Blockchains could theoretically be used to manage the operations of an entire country. The Decentraland case study is an extraordinary experiment in how blockchain can be used to manage the operations of an entire environment based on citizen consensus. Such ideas could be expanded to the real world in the future, with blockchain becoming a valuable tool for leaders who place the interests of communities above personal ambitions.
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Human Sciences Research Council (2026) studied this question.
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