Examines how substituents impact the properties of cyanine dyes, suggesting a framework for rational design.
Effects of Substituents on Cyanines The substituents and substitution patterns of cyanine polymethines are directly influencing the properties of the cyanine dyes. In addition to well-known structure-properties relationships of cyanine chain length and auxochrome end-groups, in the Perspective (DOI: 10.1002/adom.202503219), David Dunlop, Rebecca Strada, and Peter Šebej we are introducing a comprehensive framework covering these relationships for single- and multiple substituted cyanine chains of various lengths and the effect of the substituents on spectral properties and reactivity. In addition to outlining the properties of known cyanines it also allows rational design of yet unknown cyanines and predictions of their properties.
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Dunlop et al. (2026) studied this question.
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