A Study of Mechanisms of Cavitation–Abrasive Processing Using High-Speed Shooting. Part 1

The efficiency of the ultrasonic cavitation–abrasive treatment process is due to the combined effect of cavitation formations and abrasive particles on the surface. In order to thoroughly study the mechanisms of surface treatment, high-speed filming of ultrasonic liquid surface treatment without and with the addition of an abrasive was carried out in this work. As a result of the analysis and comparison of video fragments, five main mechanisms of the impact of abrasive particles on the surface were determined: impact of an abrasive particle moving in an acoustic flow, particle movement along the surface, impact of a particle on the surface during the collapse of the cavitation region, particle oscillations in a pulsating cavitation region, and rotation of an abrasive particle. The first part of the work describes the treatment without the addition of an abrasive, and the second with its addition.