UML-based four-dimensional cadastral design: the case of Gölhisar-Burdur, Türkiye

The necessity for four-dimensional (4D) cadastral studies arises from the need for historical real estate information, the determination of the vertical positions of infrastructure elements located above and below immovable properties, and the management of complex urban and rural land use scenarios. The proposed model was tested in a pilot study area located in the Gölhisar district of Burdur province, comprising 10 cadastral parcels. In this study, a relational database was developed to integrate two-dimensional (2D), three-dimensional (3D), and 4D cadastral data within a geographic information system environment. Within the study area, three types of registered objects, namely, drinking water lines, sewer lines, and building structures, were modelled together with parcel data. A 4D cadastral data model was created using the unified modelling language, and a desktop application was developed based on this model. Temporal changes related to cadastral processes, including initial registration, subdivision, and subsequent geometric and legal alterations, were incorporated into the system to represent the fourth dimension. This application enables users to query and analyse 2D, 3D, and 4D cadastral information for any parcel in a chronological manner. The results demonstrate that integrating time enhances the usability of cadastral systems in the pilot region.