Transformation of Physical Training, Parental Support, and Resilience in Enhancing the Performance of Swimming Athletes in South Sulawesi

This study aimed to analyze the influence of physical training and parental support on swimming athlete performance in South Sulawesi, with resilience positioned as a mediating variable. The study employed a cross-sectional quantitative design involving 100 competitive swimming athletes aged 15–30 years. Participants were recruited from 10 swimming clubs affiliated with the South Sulawesi Provincial Board of the Indonesian Swimming Association (PRSI), representing athletes from 17 regencies and cities across the province. Purposive sampling was used to select athletes who actively participated in training programs and competitive swimming events. Data were collected using structured Likert-type survey instruments and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that physical training and parental support had significant positive effects on swimming performance. Physical training improved performance through structured and science-based training principles, while parental support strengthened the athlete motivation and competitive stability through emotional and instrumental involvement. Resilience also significantly influenced performance and mediated the relationship between the predictor variables and athletic achievement. These findings indicate that swimming performance is shaped by the interaction of physiological preparation, social support, and psychological adaptability.