Global Research Trends and Knowledge Structure in Autoimmune Gastritis and Helicobacter pylori: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis (1991–2025)

Background/Objective: Autoimmune gastritis and Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infection are two clinically significant gastroenterological conditions with intricate pathophysiological interactions. This study aims to systematically map the global scientific output and evolving research trends on autoimmune gastritis and H. pylori through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Methods: Publications (1991– 2025) were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection and analyzed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package “bibliometrix” to explore research trends and collaboration patterns. Results: A total of 387 publications were identified. Italy led in publication output (n = 75). The World Journal of Gastroenterology was the most prolific journal in this field. Keyword co-occurrence analysis revealed five major thematic clusters: (1) molecular immunological mechanisms and gastric carcinogenesis, (2) immunological markers and disease pathogenesis, (3) clinical manifestations and patient profiles, (4) epidemiology and disease progression, and (5) diagnostic strategies and classification systems. Burst detection analysis highlighted recent (2018– 2025) research foci on “gastric cancer”, “risk”, “intestinal metaplasia”, and “classification”. Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the global research dynamics concerning autoimmune gastritis and H. pylori . The findings reveal a shift toward precision medicine, with increasing attention to early detection, risk assessment, and the development of standardized diagnostic frameworks. These findings may assist clinicians in risk stratification and guide researchers in identifying future directions in autoimmune gastritis and H. pylori research.