Photographs as Action: The All-Japan Students’ Photo Association and the Making of Eco-Critical Photography in Japan, 1960s–2020s

This article examines the All-Japan Students’ Photo Association’s (AJSPA) 1970 “Pollution campaign” as a pivotal intervention in photographic practice and public activism. Responding to industrial pollution across Japan, student photographers traveled to Minamata, Yokkaichi, and Ashio, documenting local communities’ lived experiences. Their photobook On This Land We Have No Country (1970) constructed a visual “pollution map” of the archipelago through photographs, historical documents, and data. Examining this work, I argue that students’ photographs framed pollution as a systemic, national crisis tied to Japan’s high-growth economic policies, rooted in historical patterns of treating humans as expendable under industrial capitalism.